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Ahmed Mustafa - Responsible Seafood Advocate

Health & Welfare

Stress susceptibility of echinoderms under aquaculture conditions

If an animal is stressed, its immune function decreases, and vulnerability to diseases increases. Since there is currently no effective treatment for disease in echinoderms, the authors examined the impacts of handling and salinity fluctuations on the immune functions of sea cucumbers and sea urchins. 

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