Tag ammonia

A vigorous phytoplankton bloom will support a healthy benthic community and will contribute significantly to stabilising and maintaining adequate pond water and bottom quality. 

Manufactured aquafeeds, if improperly managed, can result in undesirable oxygen demand that can reduce dissolved oxygen levels and pollution through effluents, and stress cultured animals. 

A promising strategy to increase fish production in static aquaculture ponds, the In-Pond Raceway System (IPRS) grows fish confined at high densities in floating or fixed raceways, instead of the animals being free in the pond. 

La atención al pH, una escala numérica usada para especificar la condición ácida o alcalina de una solución acuosa, es muy importante. La reducción de la biomasa y de las tasas de alimentación junto con el control del fitoplancton y el encalado pueden mantener el pH en valores deseables. 

A study aimed to determine safe levels of ammonia and nitrite to various life stages of the Amazon river prawn, based on the hypothesis that the early stages of development of M. amazonicum are more sensitive to ammonia and nitrite than later stages. The monitoring of this variable is important to avoid losses, mainly in larviculture and recirculation. 

Attention to pH, a numeric scale used to specify the acid or alkaline condition of an aqueous solution, is very important. Reducing biomass and feeding rates together with phytoplankton control and liming can often keep pH at desirable values. 

A study was conducted to assess the feasibility to grow Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in an outdoor biofloc system during winter in a temperate zone. High biomasses of market-size channel catfish were successfully maintained through the winter with high survival and in good condition in both treatments. 

Biological filters are essential parts of recirculating aquaculture systems that transform toxic fish compounds such as ammonium and nitrite into less-harmful nitrate. The authors tested the convenience and efficiency of three methods for the initial inoculation of aerobic biofilters. 

Controlling total ammonia-nitrogen (TAN) concentrations is the primary concern when sizing a biofilter for use in a recirculating aquaculture system. Sizing decisions are best based on previous experience with a given biofilter media in a specific biofilter configuration. 

In a study, “pre-fertilization” in the nursery phase of a biofloc system for shrimp was tested. The objective was to accelerate the biofloc formation to minimize ammonia concentrations, avoiding high peaks during culture. 

Since un-ionized ammonia-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen are toxic to most finfish, controlling their concentrations in culture tanks is a primary objective in the design of recirculating aquaculture systems. 

Ammonia nitrogen occurs in aquaculture systems as a waste product of protein metabolism by aquatic animals and degradation of organic matter, or in nitrogen fertilizers. Exposure can reduce growth and increase susceptibility to diseases in aquatic species. 

Shrimp exposed to high concentrations of nitrate exhibit shorter antennae, gill abnormalities and hepatopancreas lesions. Nitrate toxicity is more of an issue for shrimp raised in lower-salinity waters. 

Healthy populations of both ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria must be present in aquaculture systems to support the nitrification of potentially toxic ammonia to nitrite, with further oxidation to less problematic nitrate. 

Despite their relatively small footprint, low-space bioreactors deliver sustainable and cost-effective biological wastewater treatment, particularly in recirculating aquaculture systems, where ammonia removal is critical.