Responsibility
Shrimp hatcheries are highly dependent on continuous availability of clean water and proper treatment of effluents using sedimentation and biofiltration.
Innovation & Investment
Since un-ionized ammonia-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen are toxic to most finfish, controlling their concentrations in culture tanks is a primary objective in the design of recirculating aquaculture systems.
Health & Welfare
Most seaweed species that function as biofilters for finfish aquaculture have little market value, so produced biomass remains a byproduct of biofiltration.
Responsibility
The design and operation of biofilters is multidisciplinary, involving mechanical engineering, microbial ecology and aquaculture husbandry.